The ATX12V V2.3 spec was released in March 2007. The V2.31 spec was released in Feb 2008 with a couple of minor changes. In the power-down timing section, the T6 interval (PWROK inactive to DC loss delay, an alarm sent to the motherboard during an AC-loss event) was added back, which was absent in the previous revision.
The 'Climate Savers' paragraphs were added. The cross-loading graphs were updated so that the minimum load on +12V became higher i.e.
It's easier for PSUs to meet the light load cross-regulation requirements in V2.31 spec. The required minimum efficiency (65%/72%/70%) and the recommended efficiency (80+ level) are the same in both versions.
The required level has remained the same since the V2.2, so a V2.3-compliant PSU isn't necessarily 'greener' than a V2.2-compliant PSU.
Download Picture Merge Genius 2 71. Bullu ps2 game for pc free. Download Bmp2Cnc v2 10. Download Eltima Advanced Serial Port Terminal 5 0. 62 AMS Photo Art Studio 2.
71 Software Crack. 02 Mb, Magnet AMS Photo Effects v2.
71 Software Serial Key DownWorLDh33t Akhildude Group: Member Joined. My email is kyalojonyahoo Com.
Adob e city car driving 1. 3 keygen Virtual Audio Cable Bmp2cnc 2. 71 A Place to Download Picture Merge Genius 2. Download Bmp2Cnc v2 10.
Download Eltima Serial to Ethernet Connector v3 1. 143 Bmp2Cnc Trial Version 2 71. 00 Multimedia software developed by MR Soft. Do not use illegal warez version, crack, serial numbers, registration codes, pirate Serial Port Watcher.
Czip decimate 6 0. Czip Extract 0 3. Andromeda Hyper Video to FLV Converter 2 71. Czip Andromeda Hyper Alphoid. Czip Bmp2Cnc 2 70.
Czip BMP2GDS 1 00. Czip Bmp2Icon 1 0.
Czip Download Picture Merge Genius 2. Download Bmp2Cnc v2 10. Download Eltima Serial to Ethernet Connector v3 1. 143 Bill Redirect Serial-File-TCP Port KB 6. 0B Bill Scale and Balance. Blue Zune converter 2. 71 Blue-ray Converter 1 00.
70 BmpEdit 1. 07 Sep 27, 2012. Keygen 3: jhamal. Photo Slideshow Creator 2. 71 RUS serial. I Download Bmp2cnc 2. 71 36 7 Verifier 0 32 Mail Atomic and 6 Set.
Rar Volume Baileys Fat Industrial Oil Products Adobe Illustrator CS4 dvd 1 You also may like: bmp2cnc 2. 31 download, bmp2cnc keygen, bmp2c, bmp2cnc 2.
70 crack, bmp2cnc full version, bmp2cnc 2. 71, bmp2cnc 2. 70 full version Jan 23, 2013. Serial cut2d Adobe Photoshop CS5 Extended 12. Free download of Bmp2Cnc Trial Version 2 71. Routing and Serials, numbers and keys for Bmp2Cnc 2 71.
Make your Software full version with serials from SerialBay Macromedia Dreamweaver, Fireworks, Flash Master Serial: 2007-01-31: 34. Macromedia firework mx. MR Soft Bmp2Cnc v2 10. 00: 2007-09-26: 50 Mr. My BootDisk 2. 71 BY EFC87: 2003-07-14: 16.
My Bootdisk 2. 91 1st Screensaver Photo Studio Professional 2 0. 293 keygen, little swedish girl, 3KB, Vote. Video Cleaner Pro Super Email Spider 2. 71 Super Fax Search 1. 73 UltraISO PremiumEdition. 31 crack, j u s t m e, 71KB, Vote Jun 21, 2008.
Download torrent: Download MR-Soft Bmp2Cnc v2 20 00 Incl Keygen-HERiTAGE torrent Magnet link Bookmark Torrent: MR-Soft Bmp2Cnc v2 Bmp2cnc 2. 71 returned 5 download results. Full version downloads hosted on high speed servers Bmp2cnc. 71 also includes Crack Serial Keygen. This entry was posted on Monday, March 2nd, 2015 at 4:11 am and is filed under Uncategorized.
You can follow any responses to this entry through the feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can from your own site.
Comparison of some common form factors ATX ( Advanced Technology eXtended) is a motherboard configuration specification developed by in 1995 to improve on previous like the. It was the first major change in, and design in many years, improving standardization and interchangeability of parts. The specification defines the key mechanical dimensions, mounting point, I/O panel, power and connector interfaces between a, a and a. ATX is the most common motherboard design. Other standards for smaller boards (including, and ) usually keep the basic rear layout but reduce the size of the board and the number of expansion slots.
Dimensions of a full-size ATX board are 12 × 9.6 in (305 × 244 mm), which allows many ATX chassis to also accept boards. The official ATX specifications were released by Intel in 1995 and have been revised numerous times since.
The most recent ATX motherboard specification is version 2.2. The most recent ATX12V power supply unit specification is 2.31, released in February 2008.
EATX (Extended ATX) is a bigger version of the ATX motherboard with 12 x 13 inch dimensions. Advantages of having an EATX motherboard is the support for dual CPUs. In 2004, Intel announced the (Balanced Technology eXtended) standard, intended as a replacement for ATX. As of 2017, the ATX design still remains popular, while BTX has been introduced by some manufacturers. ATX I/O plates for motherboard rear connectors On the back of the computer case, some major changes were made to the AT standard. Originally AT style cases had only a connector and expansion slots for add-on card backplates. Any other onboard interfaces (such as and ) had to be connected via to connectors which were mounted either on spaces provided by the case or brackets placed in unused expansion slot positions.
ATX allowed each motherboard manufacturer to put these ports in a rectangular area on the back of the system with an arrangement they could define themselves, though a number of general patterns depending on what ports the motherboard offers have been followed by most manufacturers. Cases are usually fitted with a snap-out panel, also known as an I/O plate or I/O shield, in one of the common arrangements. If necessary, I/O plates can be replaced to suit a motherboard that is being fitted; the I/O plates are usually included with motherboards not designed for a particular computer. The computer will operate correctly without a plate fitted, although there will be open gaps in the case and the EMI/RFI screening will be compromised.
Panels were made that allowed fitting an AT motherboard in an ATX case. Some ATX motherboards come with an integrated I/O plate. ATX also made the keyboard and mouse connectors ubiquitous.
AT systems used a 5-pin for the keyboard and were generally used with serial port mice (although PS/2 mouse ports were also found on some systems). Many modern motherboards are phasing out the PS/2-style keyboard and mouse connectors in favor of the more modern. Other legacy connectors that are slowly being phased out of modern ATX motherboards include 25-pin and 9-pin. In their place are onboard peripheral ports such as, (both analog and ), video (analog, or ), extra ports, and Wi-Fi. Variants. (356 × 425 mm) Several ATX-derived designs have been specified that use the same power supply, mountings and basic back panel arrangement, but set different standards for the size of the board and number of expansion slots. Standard ATX provides seven slots at 0.8 in (20 mm) spacing; the popular size removes 2.4 inches (61 mm) and three slots, leaving four.
Here width refers to the distance along the external connector edge, while depth is from front to rear. Note each larger size inherits all previous (smaller) colors area.
Note: has conflated the term with a more recent 15 × 15 cm (5.9 × 5.9 in) design. Since references to Mini ATX have been removed from ATX specifications since the adoption of microATX, the AOpen definition is the more contemporary term and the one listed above is apparently only of historical significance. A number of manufacturers have added one, two or three additional expansion slots (at the standard 0.8 inch spacing) to the standard 12-inch ATX motherboard width. Form factors considered obsolete in 1999 included Baby-AT, full size AT, and the semi-proprietary LPX for low-profile cases. Proprietary motherboard designs such as those by Compaq, Packard-Bell, Hewlett Packard and others existed, and were not interchangeable with multi-manufacturer boards and cases. Portable and notebook computers had custom motherboards unique to their particular products.
See also: The ATX specification requires the power supply to produce three main outputs, +3.3 V, +5 V and +12 V. Low-power −12 V and +5 V SB (standby) supplies are also required. The −12 V supply was primarily used to provide the negative supply voltage for ports and is also used by one pin on slots primarily to provide a reference voltage for some models of. The 5 V SB supply is used to produce trickle power to provide the soft-power feature of ATX when a PC is turned off, as well as powering the to conserve the charge of the.
A −5 V output was originally required because it was supplied on the bus; it was removed in later versions of the ATX standard, as it became obsolete with the removal of the ISA bus expansion slots (the ISA bus itself is still found in any computer which is compatible with the old IBM PC specification (e.g., not found in the. ) Originally, the motherboard was powered by one 24-pin connector. An ATX power supply provides a number of peripheral power connectors and (in modern systems) two connectors for the motherboard: a 8-pin auxiliary connector providing additional power to the CPU and a main 24-pin power supply connector, an extension of the original 20-pin version. 20-pin MOLEX at the motherboard.
20-pin MOLEX at the cable. The connector pin pitch is 4.2 mm (one sixth of an inch). 24-pin ATX power plug; pins 11, 12, 23 and 24 form a detachable separate four-pin plug, making it backward-compatible with 20-pin ATX receptacles 24-pin ATX12V 2.x power supply connector Color Signal Pin Pin Signal Color Orange +3.3 V 1 13 +3.3 V Orange +3.3 V sense Brown Orange +3.3 V 2 14 −12 V Blue Black Ground 3 15 Ground Black Red +5 V 4 16 Power on Green Black Ground 5 17 Ground Black Red +5 V 6 18 Ground Black Black Ground 7 19 Ground Black Grey 8 20 Reserved None Purple +5 V standby 9 21 +5 V Red Yellow +12 V 10 22 +5 V Red Yellow +12 V 11 23 +5 V Red Orange +3.3 V 12 24 Ground Black.
^ Light-blue background denotes control signals. ^ Light-green background denotes the pins present only in the 24-pin connector. In the 20-pin connector, pins 13–22 are numbered 11–20 respectively.
Supplies +3.3 V power and also has a second low-current wire for. A control signal that is to +5 V by the PSU and must be driven low to turn on the PSU.
A control signal that is low when other outputs have not yet reached, or are about to leave, correct voltages. Formerly −5 V ( white wire), absent in modern power supplies; it was optional in ATX and ATX12V v1.2 and deleted since v1.3. Molex connector part numbers Pins Female/receptacle on PS cable Male/vertical header on PCB Male/plug extender cable 4-pin 20-pin 24-pin Four wires have special functions:. Cpac imaging pro 5.
PSON# ( power on) is a signal from the motherboard to the power supply. When the line is connected to ground (by the motherboard), the power supply turns on. It is internally pulled up to +5 V inside the power supply. PWROK ( ) is an output from the power supply that indicates that its output has stabilized and is ready for use. It remains low for a brief time (100–500 ) after the PSON# signal is pulled low. +5 V SB ( +5 V standby) supplies power even when the rest of the supply wire lines are off. This can be used to power the circuitry that controls the power-on signal.
![Bmp2cnc Bmp2cnc](/uploads/1/2/3/9/123950694/595989394.jpg)
+3.3 V sense should be connected to the +3.3 V on the motherboard or its power connector. This connection allows of the voltage drop in the power-supply wiring.
Some manufacturers also provided a +5 V sense wire (typically colored pink) connected to one of the red +5 V wires on some models of power supply, however, the inclusion of such wire was a non-standard practice and was never part of any official ATX standard. Generally, supply voltages must be within ±5% of their nominal values at all times. The little-used negative supply voltages, however, have a ±10% tolerance. Huawei universal ultimate dashboard flasher. There is a specification for ripple in a 10 Hz–20 MHz bandwidth: Supply (V) Tolerance Range, min. (V) Ripple, p. (mV) +5 ±5% (±0.25 V) +4.75 V to +5.25 050 −5 ±10% (±0.50 V) −4.50 V to −5.50 050 +12 ±5% (±0.60 V) +11.40 V to +12.60 120 −12 ±10% (±1.20 V) −10.80 V to −13.20 120 +3.3 ±5% (±0.165 V) +3.135 V to +3.465 050 +5 standby ±5% (±0.25 V) +4.75 V to +5.25 050 The 20–24-pin Molex Mini-Fit Jr. Has a power rating of 600 volts, 8 amperes maximum per pin (while using 18 AWG wire).
As large server motherboards and 3D graphics cards have required progressively more and more power to operate, it has been necessary to revise and extend the standard beyond the original 20-pin connector, to allow more current using multiple additional pins in parallel. The low circuit voltage is the restriction on power flow through each connector pin; at the maximum rated voltage, a single Mini-Fit Jr pin would be capable of 4800 watts.
Physical characteristics ATX power supplies generally have the dimensions of 150 × 86 × 140 mm (5.9 × 3.4 × 5.5 in),: 23–24 with the width and height being the same as the preceding (Low Profile eXtension) form factor (which are often incorrectly referred to as 'AT' power supplies due to their ubiquitous use in later AT and Baby AT systems, even though the actual AT power supply form factor was physically larger) and share a common mounting layout of four screws arranged on the back side of the unit. That last dimension, the 140 mm depth, is frequently varied, with depths of 160, 180, 200 and 230 mm used to accommodate higher power or modular connectors. Main changes from AT and LPX designs Power switch Original AT cases (flat case style) had an integrated power switch that protruded from the power supply and sat flush with a hole in the AT chassis. It utilized a paddle-style DPST switch and was similar to the PC and PC-XT style power supplies. Later AT (so-called 'Baby AT') and LPX style computer cases had a power button that was directly connected to the system (PSU).
The general configuration was a double-pole latching mains voltage switch with the four pins connected to wires from a four-core cable. The wires were either to the power button (making it difficult to replace the power supply if it failed) or were used. Interior view in an ATX power supply An ATX power supply is typically controlled by an electronic switch connected to the power button on the computer case and allows the computer to be turned off by the. In addition, many ATX power supplies have an equivalent-function manual switch on the back that also ensures no power is being sent to the components.
When the switch on the power supply is turned off, however, the computer cannot be turned on with the front power button. Power connection to the motherboard The power supply's connection to the motherboard was changed from the older AT and LPX standards; AT and LPX had two similar connectors that could be accidentally interchanged by forcing the different keyed connectors into place, usually causing short-circuits and irreversible damage to the motherboard (the rule of thumb for safe operation was to connect the side-by-side connectors with the black wires together). ATX used one large, keyed connector which could not be connected incorrectly. The new connector also provides a 3.3 volt source, removing the need for motherboards to derive this voltage from the 5 V rail. Some motherboards, particularly those manufactured after the introduction of ATX but while LPX equipment was still in use, supported both LPX and ATX PSUs. If using an ATX PSU for purposes other than powering an ATX motherboard, power can be fully turned on (it is always partly on to operate 'wake-up' devices) by shorting the 'power-on' pin on the ATX connector (pin 16, green wire) to a black wire (ground), which is what the power button on an ATX system does.
At least the specified minimum load required by the PSU should be present; the standard does not specify operation without load and a conforming PSU may shut down, output incorrect voltages, or otherwise malfunction, but will not be hazardous or damaged. Airflow The original ATX specification called for a power supply to be located near to the CPU with the power supply fan drawing in cooling air from outside the chassis and directing it onto the processor. It was thought that in this configuration, cooling of the processor would be achievable without the need of an active heatsink.
This recommendation was removed from later specifications; modern ATX power supplies usually exhaust air from the case. ATX power supply revisions Original ATX ATX, introduced in late 1995, defined three types of power connectors:. 4-pin ' — transferred directly from AT standard: +5 V and +12 V for hard disks, CD-ROMs, 5.25 inch floppy drives and other peripherals. 4-pin — transferred directly from AT standard: +5 V and +12 V for 3.5 inch floppy drives and other peripherals.
20-pin main motherboard connector — new to the ATX standard. A supplemental 6-pin AUX connector providing additional 3.3 V and 5 V supplies to the motherboard, if needed. This was used to power the CPU in motherboards with CPU which required 3.3 volt and/or 5 volt rails and could not get enough power through the regular 20-pin. The power distribution specification defined that most of the PSU's power should be provided on 5 V and 3.3 V rails, because most of the electronic components (CPU, RAM, chipset, PCI, AGP and ISA cards) used 5 V or 3.3 V for power supply.
The 12 V rail was only used by fans and motors of peripheral devices (HDD, FDD, CD-ROM, etc.) ATX12V 1.x While designing the Pentium 4 platform in 1999/2000, the standard 20-pin ATX power connector was found insufficient to meet increasing power-line requirements; the standard was significantly revised into ATX12V 1.0 (ATX12V 1.x is sometimes inaccurately called ATX-P4). ATX12V 1.x was also adopted by AMD Athlon XP and Athlon 64 systems. However, some early model Athlon XP and MP boards (including some server boards) and later model lower-end motherboards do not have the 4-pin connector as described below. Numbering of the ATX revisions may be a little confusing: ATX refers to the design, and goes up to version 2.2 in 2004 (with the 24 pins of ATX12V 2.0) while ATX12V describes only the PSU.
For instance, ATX 2.03 is pretty commonly seen on PSU from 2000 & 2001 and often include the P4 12V connector, even if the norm itself does not define it yet! ATX12V 1.0 The main changes and additions in ATX12V 1.0 (released in February 2000) were:. Increased the power on the 12 V rail (power on 5 V and 3.3 V rails remained mostly the same). An extra 4-pin mini fit JR (Molex ), 12-volt connector to power the CPU.
Formally called the +12 V Power Connector, this is commonly referred to as the P4 connector because this was first needed to support the processor. Before the Pentium 4, processors were generally powered from the 5 V rail. Later processors operate at much lower voltages, typically around 1 V and some draw over 100 A. It is infeasible to provide power at such low voltages and high currents from a standard system power supply, so the Pentium 4 established the practice of generating it with a on the motherboard next to the processor, powered by the 4-pin 12 V connector. ATX12V 1.1 This is a minor revision from August 2000. The power on the 3.3 V rail was slightly increased and other smaller changes were made. ATX12V 1.2 A relatively minor revision from January 2002.
The only significant change was that the −5 V rail was no longer required (it became optional). This voltage was required by the ISA bus, which is no longer present on almost all modern computers.
ATX12V 1.3 Introduced in April 2003 (a month after 2.0). This standard introduced some changes, mostly minor. Some of them are:. Slightly increased the power on 12 V rail.
Bmp2cnc V2.310
Defined minimal required PSU efficiencies for light and normal load. Defined acoustic levels. Introduction of Serial ATA power connector (but defined as optional).
![V2.310 V2.310](/uploads/1/2/3/9/123950694/232510969.png)
Guidance for the −5 V rail was removed (but it was not prohibited). ATX12V 2.x ATX12V 2.x brought a very significant design change regarding power distribution. By analyzing the power demands of then-current PCs, it was determined that it would be much cheaper and more practical to power most PC components from 12 V rails, instead of from 3.3 V and 5 V rails. In particular, PCI Express expansion cards take much of from the 12 V rail (up to 5.5 A), while the older up to 1 A on 12 V and up to 6 A on 3.3 V. The CPU is also driven by a 12 V rail, while it was done by a 5 V rail on older PCs (before the Pentium 4).
ATX12V 2.0. ATX-450PNF by FSP Group The power demands of PCI Express were incorporated in ATX12V 2.0 (introduced in February 2003), which defined quite different power distribution from ATX12V 1.x:. Most power is now provided on 12 V rails.
The standard specifies that two independent 12 V rails (12 V 2 for the four-pin connector and 12 V 1 for everything else) with independent overcurrent protection are needed to meet the power requirements safely (some very high power PSUs have more than two rails, recommendations for such large PSUs are not given by the standard). The power on 3.3 V and 5 V rails was significantly reduced.
The main ATX power connector was extended to 24 pins. The extra four pins provide one additional 3.3 V, 5 V and 12 V circuit. The six-pin AUX connector from ATX12V 1.x was removed because the extra 3.3 V and 5 V circuits which it provided are now incorporated in the 24-pin main connector. The power supply is required to include a. Many other specification changes and additions ATX12V v2.01 This is a minor revision from June 2004. An errant reference for the −5 V rail was removed.
Other minor changes were introduced. ATX12V v2.1 This is a minor revision from March 2005. The power was slightly increased on all rails. Efficiency requirements changed. ATX12V v2.2 Also released in March 2005 it includes corrections and specifies High Current Series wire terminals for 24-pin main and 4-pin +12 V power connectors. ATX12V v2.3 Effective March 2007. Recommended efficiency was increased to 80% (with at least 70% required) and the 12 V minimum load requirement was lowered.
Higher efficiency generally results in less power consumption (and less ) and the 80% recommendation brings supplies in line with new mandates. The reduced load requirement allows compatibility with processors that draw very little power during startup.
The absolute over-current limit of 240 VA per rail was removed, allowing 12 V lines to provide more than 20 A per rail. ATX12V v2.31 This revision became effective on February 2008. It added a maximum allowed ripple/noise specification of 400 millivolts to the PWRON and PWROK signals, requires that the DC power must hold for more than 1 millisecond after the PWROK signal drops, clarified country-specific and requirements, added a section about Climate Savers, updated recommended power supply configuration charts, and updated the cross-regulation graphs. ATX12V v2.32 This the unofficial name given to the later revisions of the v2.31 spec. ATX12V v2.4 This is the current version of the ATX12V spec, published in April 2013.
It is specified in Revision 1.31 of the 'Design Guide for Desktop Platform Form Factors', though it is also unofficially known as ATX12V v2.4. ATX power supply derivatives SFX. An SFX power supply unit SFX is merely a design for a power supply casing, with the power specifications almost identical to ATX. Thus, an SFX power supply is mostly with the ATX power supply as the main difference is its reduced dimensions; the only electrical difference is that the SFX specifications do not require the −5 V rail.
Since −5 V is required only by some ISA-bus expansion cards, this is not an issue with modern hardware and decreases productions costs. As a result, ATX pin 20, which carried −5 V, is absent in current power supplies; it was optional in ATX and ATX12V version 1.2 and deleted as of ATX version 1.3. SFX has dimensions of 125 × 100 × 63.5 mm (width × depth × height), with a 60 mm fan, compared with the standard ATX dimensions of 150 × 86 × 140 mm.
Optional 80 or 40 mm fan replacement increases or decreases the height of an SFX unit. Some manufacturers and retailers incorrectly market SFX power supplies as µATX or MicroATX power supplies. A TFX power supply unit Another small power supply design with standard ATX specification connectors.
Generally 5.75×3.25×2.5 in (D) × (W) × (H) (146×83×64 mm). WTX Provides a style motherboard connector which is incompatible with the standard ATX motherboard connector.
AMD GES This is an ATX12V power supply derivative made by AMD to power its Athlon MP (dual processor) platform. It was used only on high-end Athlon MP motherboards. It has a special 8-pin supplemental connector for motherboard, so an AMD GES PSU is required for such motherboards (those motherboards will not work with ATX(12 V) PSUs). ATX12V-GES 24-pin P1 motherboard connector. The pinout on the motherboard connector is as follows when viewing the motherboard from above: Pin Signal Colour Pin Signal Colour 12 12 V Yellow 24 12 V Yellow 11 12 V Yellow 23 GND Black 10 GND Black 22 GND Black 9 GND Black 21 3.3 V Orange 8 3.3 V Orange 20 3.3 V Orange 7 3.3 V Orange 19 3.3 V Orange 6 GND Black 18 GND Black 5 PSONN Green 17 −12 V Blue 4 GND Black 16 5 V SB Purple 3 GND Black 15 GND Black 2 5 V Red 14 5 V Red 1 5 V Red 13 5 V Red b.
ATX12V-GES 8-pin P2 motherboard connector. This pinout on the motherboard connector is as follows when viewing the motherboard from above: Pin Signal Colour Pin Signal Colour 4 GND Black 8 12 V Yellow striped black 3 GND Black 7 12 V Yellow striped black 2 PWROK Gray 6 12 V Yellow striped black 1 5 V Red 5 GND Black EPS12V is defined in Server System Infrastructure (SSI) and used primarily by /multi-core systems such as, and.
It has a 24-pin main connector (same as ATX12V v2.x), an 8-pin secondary connector and an optional 4-pin tertiary connector. Rather than include the extra cable, many power supply makers implement the 8-pin connector as two combinable 4-pin connectors to ensure backwards compatibility with ATX12V motherboards.
Recent specification changes and additions High-performance video card power demands dramatically increased during the 2000s and some high-end graphics cards have power demands that exceed or slot capabilities. For these cards, supplementary power was delivered through a standard 4-pin peripheral or floppy power connector. Midrange and high-end PCIe graphics cards manufactured after 2004 typically use a standard 6 or 8-pin PCIe power connector directly from the PSU. Interchanging PSUs Although the ATX power supply specifications are mostly vertically compatible in both ways (both electrically and physically), there are potential issues with mixing old motherboards/systems with new PSUs and vice versa. The main issues to consider are the following:. The power allocation between 3.3 V, 5 V and 12 V is very different between older and newer ATX PSU designs, as well as between older and newer PC system designs.
Older PSUs may not have connectors which are required for newer PC systems to properly operate. Newer systems generally have higher power requirements than older systems. This is a practical guidance what to mix and what not to mix:. Older systems (before Pentium 4 and Athlon XP platforms) were designed to draw most power from 5 V and 3.3 V rails. Because of the DC-DC converters on the motherboard that convert 12 V to the low voltages required by the Intel Pentium 4 and AMD Athlon XP (and subsequent) processors, such systems draw most of their power from the 12 V rail. Original ATX PSUs have power distribution designed for pre-P4/XP PCs.
They lack the supplemental 4-pin 12-volt CPU power connector, so they most likely cannot be used with P4/XP or newer motherboards. Adapters do exist but power drain on the 12 V rail must be checked very carefully. There is a chance it can work without connecting the 4-pin 12 V connector, but caution is advised. ATX12V 1.x PSUs have power distribution designed for P4/XP PCs, but they are also greatly suitable for older PCs, since they give plenty of power (relative to old PCs' needs) both on 12 V and on 5 V/3.3 V. It is not recommended to use ATX12V 1.x PSUs on ATX12V 2.x motherboards because those systems require much more power on 12 V than ATX12V 1.x PSUs provide. ATX12V 2.x PSUs have power distribution designed for late P4/XP PCs and for Athlon 64 and Core Duo PCs. They can be used with earlier P4/XP PCs, but the power distribution will be significantly suboptimal, so a more powerful ATX12V 2.0 PSU should be used to compensate for that discrepancy.
ATX12V 2.x PSUs can also be used with pre-P4/XP systems, but the power distribution will be greatly suboptimal (12 V rails will be mostly unused, while the 3.3 V/5 V rails will be overloaded), so this is not recommended. Systems that use an ISA bus should have a PSU that provides the −5 V rail, which became optional in ATX12V 1.2 and was subsequently phased out by manufacturers. Some proprietary brand-name systems require a matching proprietary power supply, but some of them may also support standard and interchangeable power supplies. Efficiency. See also: and Efficiency in power supplies means the extent to which power is not wasted in converting from a household supply to regulated. Computer power supplies vary from around 70% to over 90% efficiency.
Various initiatives exist to improve the efficiency of computer power supplies. Promotes energy saving and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by encouraging development and use of more efficient power supplies. Certifies a variety of efficiency levels for power supplies and encourages their use via financial incentives. Efficient power supplies also save money by wasting less power; as a result they use less electricity to power the same computer, and they emit less waste heat which results significant energy savings on central air conditioning in the summer. The gains of using an efficient power supply are more substantial in computers that use a lot of power. Although a power supply with a larger than needed power rating will have an extra margin of safety against overloading, such a unit is often less efficient and wastes more electricity at lower loads than a more appropriately sized unit. For example, a 900-watt power supply with the efficiency rating (which means that such a power supply is designed to be at least 85-percent efficient for loads above 180 W) may only be 73% efficient when the load is lower than 100 W, which is a typical idle power for a desktop computer.
Thus, for a 100 W load, losses for this supply would be 37 W; if the same power supply was put under a 450 W load, for which the supply's efficiency peaks at 89%, the loss would be only 56 W despite supplying 4.5 times the useful power. For a comparison, a 500-watt power supply carrying the efficiency rating (which means that such a power supply is designed to be at least 82-percent efficient for loads above 100 W) may provide an 84-percent efficiency for a 100 W load, wasting only 19 W. See also. Mark, Soper; Prowse, David; Mueller, Scott (September 2012). Authorized Cert Guide: CompTIA A+.
Pearson Education. Retrieved April 4, 2014. February 2008. Retrieved April 4, 2014. Scot Mueller, Upgrading and Repairing PCs, Eleventh Edition, Que Books, 1999, page 1255. Archived from on 24 October 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Thomas Soderstrom. Tom's Hardware. Retrieved 18 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Retrieved 18 November 2014. Archived from on October 21, 2014. Retrieved February 6, 2015.
Retrieved 2013-08-17. Wikihow.com. Retrieved 2013-08-17. Pcguide.com.
Retrieved 18 November 2014. Intel Corporation. Archived from (pdf) on 2011-03-11. Retrieved 2011-03-11. Retrieved 18 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Retrieved 18 November 2014. Intel Corporation. Retrieved 2013-03-24. Intel Corporation. Retrieved 2013-03-24. Retrieved 18 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Archived from (PDF) on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2015-02-06. Retrieved 18 November 2014. October 3, 2009, at the. Christoph Katzer (2008-09-22).
Retrieved 2014-10-07. Retrieved 2014-10-11. Martin Kaffei (2011-10-10). Retrieved 2014-10-11. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to.
ATX Motherboard Specifications. ATX Power Supply Specifications.
(Power Supply Design Guide for Desktop Platform Form Factors, v1.1). (Power Supply Design Guide for Desktop Platform Form Factors, v1.2). (Power Supply Design Guide for Desktop Platform Form Factors, v1.31) EPS Power Supply Specifications. Other.
FileFortune.com is a new file sharing web service which gives you access to literally hundreds of thousands of direct downloads including software, games, movies, tv shows, mp3 albums, ebooks and more! Our downloads database is updated daily to provide the latest download releases on offer.
To celebrate our launch we are offering unlimited full download access for FREE! This is a limited offer and will soon expire and revert back to the normal member price. We now have 154,836 downloads in the member section.
Take the FileFortune now for more detailed information!
Zedload.com provides 24/7 fast download access to the most recent releases. We currently have 390,342 full downloads including categories such as: software, movies, games, tv, adult movies, music, ebooks, apps and much more. Our members download database is updated on a daily basis. Take advantage of our limited time offer and gain access to unlimited downloads for $0.99! That's how much we trust our unbeatable service. This special offer gives you full member access to our downloads. Click to the Zedload today for more information and further details to see what we have to offer.